Think you know Bhutan? These surprising insights reveal the magic behind this remote Himalayan kingdom.
Bhutan, long secluded from the outside world, remains one of Asia’s most enigmatic and spiritual destinations. Its remote Himalayan setting and mindful tourism policies have allowed it to preserve a rich cultural heritage, largely untouched by Western influence. Deeply rooted in Buddhist tradition and guided by a philosophy that values happiness over material wealth, Bhutan is a land of captivating contrasts and curious customs — as these lesser-known facts reveal…
GNH Index
Gross National Happiness
Prioritising well-being over economic output, Bhutan measures progress through a Gross National Happiness Index, instead of GDP. Rooted in Buddhist values, this holistic index puts well-being before wealth, focusing on sustainability, cultural preservation, environmental care and good governance.
The Dragon King
The 5th King
Bhutan’s fifth and current Dragon King, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, studied at the University of Oxford. His international outlook, paired with a deep respect for Bhutanese traditions, helps him guide the country with a balance of global perspective and cultural integrity.
Symbolism
Religious Phallics
In Bhutan, phallic symbols are believed to ward off evil and bring good fortune. Boldly painted on doorways and walls across the country, they trace back to a 15th-century saint affectionately known as the "Divine Madman". Through shocking, irreverent behaviour, he challenged rigid social norms, believing they stood in the way of true Buddhist enlightenment. Today, his legacy lives on in this playful blend of folklore, faith and humour.
Ema Datshi
“Chilli and Cheese"
Ema Datshi, translating to “chilli and cheese,” is Bhutan’s beloved national dish. This hearty stew combines fiery green chillies with a rich, tangy cheese sauce, often made from yak or cow’s milk. It’s a staple in Bhutanese households and a must-try for adventurous palates.
Royal Democracy
Constitutional Reforms
In a rare move, Bhutan’s fourth king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, voluntarily transitioned the nation to a constitutional monarchy. Despite the public denouncing democracy as a show of support for the King, he nonetheless introduced democratic reforms, culminating in Bhutan’s first parliamentary elections in 2008.
Archery
The National Sport
Declared the national sport in 1971, archery in Bhutan is a vibrant social event. Competitions are infused with song, dance and camaraderie, with top prizes often including cars – a significant reward in a country where many travel by foot.
Local Beer
The Red Panda Brewery
Bhutan’s first brewery, Red Panda Brewery, was founded in 2006 by Fritz Maurer — a Swiss national who became a Bhutanese citizen in 1976. The brewery produces a rich, unfiltered wheat beer that’s famously strong (especially when enjoyed at altitude!).
Local Dress
The Gho & Kira
The gho, a knee-length robe tied with a woven belt known as a kera, is the national dress for Bhutanese men. Often likened to a Bhutanese version of the Scottish kilt — complete with knee-length socks — it’s worn both daily and on formal occasions, reflecting the country’s commitment to preserving its cultural identity.
Snowman Trek
The Ultimate Challenge
The Snowman Trek is Bhutan’s most challenging trekking expedition — a 25-day journey that crosses 11 mountain passes over 4,500 metres and ventures into some of the country’s most remote valleys. Only a handful of trekkers attempt it each season, drawn by its solitude, raw beauty, and sense of true adventure.
Prayer Flags
108 Meanings
In Bhutanese Buddhist tradition, families honour the passing of a loved one by hoisting 108 white prayer flags, known as manidhar. Printed with sacred texts, the flags are believed to guide the soul towards a peaceful and auspicious rebirth. For those unable to afford the flags, 108 white stones may be laid in their place — a humble yet equally meaningful gesture.
Bhutan’s allure lies in its harmonious blend of ancient traditions and progressive values. For travellers seeking transformative experiences, this Himalayan kingdom offers a journey into a culture where happiness and heritage are paramount.
Photography credits: Six Senses Bhutan, Canva and Unsplash
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